How Museums Can Support Reflection, Reconciliation, and Redress on July 1st

In 2021, in response to the confirmation of unmarked burials at the sites of former residential schools across North America, many local governments, museums, and cultural institutions across the country chose to cancel, significantly alter, or recontextualize their Canada Day events. As time passes, it is important that such events don’t reflexively slip back into the status quo so that we continue to confront and redress the harms of colonization. 

Museums, galleries, and heritage sites are powerful spaces for communities to learn from each other and have challenging conversations. What we choose to do in these spaces has an impact. It’s our responsibility to be intentional about this impact and use the power we have to honour the stories and peoples that have been marginalized by celebrations of the past. 

For people who work and volunteer in our sector and spend their lives immersed in thinking critically about the past, it can be easy to forget that after leaving school many Canadians only reflect on the past when visiting a museum or heritage site. According to the Alberta Museums Association’s 2021 report, 84% of Canadians visit a museum at least once in a five-year period. The majority of Canadians visit museums infrequently, with many only visiting during holidays and special events, like Canada Day. This means that if many Canadians only reflect on the past at museums, and many only visit during special events, how we frame events directly influences how people engage with the past. The activities you plan, the people you highlight, and the imagery you use all tell a story. We encourage our members to reflect on their events and ask themselves, “What story are we telling?”

What is #CancelCanadaDay?

In 2021, Idle No More called on all individuals and organizations that wished to challenge colonialism in Canada to take actions that centred Indigenous voices on July 1 and sought to question traditional colonial narratives and patriotic celebrations. They also urged participants to centre Indigenous leadership in #CancelCanadaDay activities and encouraged participants to look for existing Indigenous-led local initiatives to support.

Questioning colonial narratives and seeking to respond to the needs of Indigenous, racialized, and marginalized communities applies not only to Canada Day but the majority of statutory holidays in Canada as well. If you are interested in decolonial approaches to statutory holidays, we recommend reflecting on Animikii’s open-source policy template to allow staff to substitute colonial holidays for days that reflect their own values and belief. Or, if you’re interested in reflecting on how you can diversify the narratives your organization highlights during Remembrance Day, the BCMA published a relevant resource in 2021.

What is the Power of Symbols?

Reflect on and be aware of the types of symbols you use to commemorate holidays. Over the past several years, it has become clear that the Canadian flag has very different meanings for different groups of people. From the flag being used by some in 2021 as a rejection of the #CancelCanadaDay dialogues, to the Canadian flag becoming used as a symbol of far-right anti-vaccine protests in 2022, it is an important time for museums and cultural institutions to reflect on how they engage their communities on Canada Day, being mindful, intentional, and reflexive on the day, its symbols, and its conflicting associations.

The Canadian flag is a symbol that holds different meanings for different people. What can represent freedom for some, can represent oppression for others. If you are going to use symbols like the Canadian flag to decorate your site, reflect on the different, and often conflicting, meanings this symbol can have and how its use might exclude participation from certain groups and individuals.

Should My Museum Stop Commemorating Canada Day?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question. Regarding Canada Day programming, much like any museum programming, the BCMA recommends that members reflect on their past practices, consult volunteers and team members, and speak with their communities to create community-informed programming around July 1st. There will be diverging ideas and opinions and consensus is unlikely, but by engaging your team, community, and stakeholders, you will be able to offer programming that is mindfully designed and speaks to your community’s unique needs and priorities.

To reflect on how arts, culture, and heritage organizations can offer community-responsive programs that engage with national holidays and historic events, consider watching the following June 14, 2023 webinar, Beyond Colonial Holidays: Exploring Community-Responsive Alternatives.

What Have Other Arts, Culture, and Heritage Organizations Done in Recent Years?

In 2021 a number of museums, cultural institutions, and local governments chose to postpone or cancel their regular Canada Day activities, including the Museum of History in Ottawa, and the City of Victoria. But, in 2022, there was a noticeable shift back towards the Canada Day status quo, which events in 2023 appear to continue. In preparing examples for this post we observed a noticeable trend back towards a pre-2021 status quo in major events across the country. In 2023 some organizations, like the Museum of History, have discontinued their Canada Day events, while the majority (in our research) have returned to offering Canada Day programs.

Examples from British Columbia:

• In 2023 Burnaby Village Museum, in addition to its regular annual programming, is spotlighting its Truths Not Often Told: Being South Asian in Burnaby exhibit.
• The City of Victoria chose to postpone their 2021 Canada Day celebrations and to redirect the funding for that event for a community reflection later in the summer. The schedule for the city’s 2023 Canada Day event is largely similar to the city’s 2019 event schedule.
• The City of Fort St. John continues to partner with Treaty 8 Tribal Association to plan their community’s Canada Day events.
• The Rossland Museum is partnering with community members to offer Snslxcin Language Workshops during their 2023 Canada Day event.
• Every year, the historic mill town of Paldi celebrates “100 years of acceptance” with its annual Jor Mela on July 1. This mill town was an early example of multicultural harmony, fostered by the family of the town’s founder Mayo Singh. 
• The Nikkei National Museum and Cultural Centre in Burnaby chooses to focus on dates that honour and celebrate Japanese Canadian heritage, which is done seasonally. In summer, they host garden farmer’s markets that support the local community and celebrate the end of the season with Nikkei Matsuri.

Where Can I Turn for Ideas, Education, and Inspiration?

Some ideas for taking action and creating mindful programming around July 1st  include:

Bring people together

Bring your staff and volunteers together and discuss what you can do to take action on reconciliation in your community. Discuss which stories you’re currently telling and which ones you’re not telling. Can you develop exhibits or content that specifically explore the damaging effects of colonialism in your community? Can you work with other organizations or groups to magnify your reach? Bring your team together and talk about what an inclusive and diverse Canada at your organization may look like. 

Share information with your community

Share information about publicly accessible resources like the 94 Recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, UNDRIP, Challenge Racist BC, and the Final Report on Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. 

This interactive map will show you the locations of residential schools near your community to help contextualize the distance created between families and how far children were taken from their home communities: https://www.cbc.ca/news2/interactives/beyond-94-residential-school-map/. Paths to Reconciliation has also published a map of unmarked graves and burial sites that has been created in collaboration with Survivors and Indigenous communities: https://pathstoreconciliation.canadiangeographic.ca/unmarked-graves-and-burial-sites/#mainmap 

W̱SÁNEĆ Nation has published an article exploring the damage that the reservation system has had on their community. Reading this article can be a way to start thinking about how the reservation system impacts Indigenous peoples and land sovereignty in your region. https://wsanec.com/the-creation-of-indian-reserves-and-their-impact-on-the-w%CC%B1sanec-nation/?fbclid=IwAR2dN_MuWxhW-vsTSkXRZiiheYTx8gV_Mb1ckUbV68wRlzbrcB-xD5sB73A 

Part of addressing racism and colonial violence in Canada comes from acknowledging our own roles and the roles of the institutions we work for, in systems of oppression – now is the time to reflect, learn, and take action.

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